Accelerating Sales Force Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Accelerating Sales Force - Essay Example Unprofessionally hired, oversized, undersized or uneducated sales forces will cast augmented detrimental effects on any business because the presentation of the product is decisive when it comes to the market penetration and selling. A customer will decide to choose or leave the product based on the analysis of the product within few minutes. This time should be exploited in an optimal way to ensure the sale of the product and this job is done by the sales force. Seemingly, sales force might be considered among the lowest ranks in the organization hierarchies but technically, it is the most important sector in any business or organizational that decides the overall course of proceedings for the business. In order to ensure the success and increase of sales of any business, the sales force must be sized ideally and within the alignment of the organizational norms and standards. The sales force is said to be oversized when the customers see a rush of sales persons around them doing nothing. This is giving the glimpse that the sales people are sitting idle and they have nothing to do in the workplace. The oversized sales force will cause depletion of the economic resources of the organization.... This relationship is depicted in the figure below. It also says that time spent by each sales person on the customer is directly proportional to the profit or sales. (Zoltners,2001) Carryover factor has also a very important role to play. For example a customer comes to buy a product which is of high quality and very expensive. The efforts of sale person at that time will be a deciding factor for the future. If next time the same customer will come and there will be an undersized sales force at the same workplace, not much slashes in the sales will occur because the imprinting effects has been made at the first impression time. Cost containment approach is not good to follow if the company wants to plan long term profitability index increasing plans. For example a profit maximization approach allocating a 14% sales force expense of total sales will be better for a business than downsizing of sales persons. Efficient sizing and increasing of sales force promises profitability to the b usiness. Similarly gradual downsizing and step wise hiring is also harmful to the company because if the company will hire the individuals for the sales force step by step, extra cost will be exhausted in their training session, allowances etc. Increasing and focusing on the sales departments have a key role to play in achieving colossal milestones in the companies. For example if a company wants to achieve a big sales goal for the current year then they should definitely and immediately increase the sales force size (Zoltners et al, 2001). The sales force structures play a paramount role in fulfilling the customer’s needs which in turn produce benefits and strong customer relationships. The

Service recovery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Service recovery - Essay Example The first thing that a service provider should do is take the whole responsibility for the breakdown (hope and Muhlemann). For example, instead of saying, â€Å"It was not our fault†, he should say, â€Å"We are sorry and we shall see what we can do.† Apologies are a very important part of system recovery. He should make the customer feel that he is being understood and will be attended. Next, he should take immediate actions to solve the problem, and should call back the customer every now and then so that he does not feel that he is being kept waiting. If the client is too hard, the provider can use sentences like, â€Å"What can we do to make you comfortable?† How a provider deals with a difficult client is very important for a successful service recovery. A follow up call is very central after the system has been recovered to help maintain the stability of the relationship with the client. Works Cited Fitzsimmons, James A., and Mona J. Fitzsimmons. Service Ma nagement: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology. USA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2006. Hope, Christine, and Alan Muhlemann. Service Operations Management: Strategy, Design, and Delivery. USA: Prentice Hall, 1997.

The National Curriculum In Primary Schools

The National Curriculum In Primary Schools The aim of this assignment is to discuss the trends policy that took place in primary education from 1988 and 1997. The assignment will start with examining the rationale behind the changes introduced in those years. Then it will look at the changes themselves. The last section will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of those changes. It should be mentioned from the outset that I will not be mentioning reforms related to secondary and higher education, even though they came at the same time as the Primary schools. The term educational provision refers to the use of the equipment or tools with the intention of providing knowledge and skills, and includes things such as such as, classroom, textbook, chairs, pens/pencils and many more for students. Education is about the process of learning where knowledge, skills and information is transmitted. Yero (2002) believes that education is a procedure of improving the students or pupils knowledge, skills and character. So education can help to reduce inequality in society. In the United Kingdom, this concept of eliminating inequality was at the base of changes in education policy. Prior to 1988, education in the United Kingdom was completely different. The decision of the curriculum contents was in the hands of schools, with religious education being the only subject which was compulsory. This means that pupils had different attainment levels due to following different programmes. Education was ruled by the 1944 Education Act which handed the administration of schools and the formulation of school policies to local authorities; the only exception being Section 1 where control and direction of education were given to the Secretary of State. In fact, in the 1944 Education Act, the role of the Department of Education and Science was simply promotional and not one of giving direction, which means they could not supervise local authorities policies. This Act also fixed the age of leaving school at 15 and instituted free secondary education for all pupils. However it was noticed that the standard attained in basic skills by the UK population was low and poor compared to other European countries, and this could not satisfy the country national economic needs (Department of Education, 2011). To solve the problem raised by the falling standard, the Conservative Government came with the 1988 Education Act, sometimes referred to as the Kennet Baker reform which instituted a standardisation of all school programmes, and brought four main changes with a view to bringing back the level (Young, 2008). The first change was the introduction of the National Curriculum, which defines four Key Stages, moving from Key Stage 1 to Key Stage 4. In primary schools, two Key Stages, 1 and 2 were identified: Key Stage 1 for Year 1 and 2 up to age 7; Key Stage 2 for Years 3 to 6, meaning age 7 to age 11. Later on, a Foundation Stage which concerns children aged 3 up to reception year was introduced. The National Curriculum came with a new terminology related to two types of school subjects, core subjects and Foundation subjects. In Primary schools, that is Key Stage 1 and Key Stage 2, the curriculum consists of the following subjects: English, Maths, science, information and communication technology (ICT), history, geography, art and design, music, design and technology (DT) and Physical Education. This was supplemented by the literacy and numeracy reforms in the 1990s taught everyday to improve children standard in those skills. Another change in the curriculum was the introduction foreign languages for children aged 7. This curriculum was later reconsidered for improvement. One advantage of National Curriculum is that all children in England and Wales have the same education programmes, and this makes comparison of levels easier and the transfer of children from one school to another is made easy. Actually the national Curriculum contains all the topics to be taught, in terms of knowledge, skills and expectations at the end of each key stage; it also determines how assessment has to proceed. The second change had to do with assessment of pupils. Here national standard tests such as SATs at age 11 (Standard Assessment tasks, and later Standard Attainment Tasks) were put in place, not only to assess whether they are up to the national standard expected, but also to put strategies in place to ensure improvement in those children learning. This led to the National Curriculum Council (NCC) as an advisory service to the secretary of State in matters related to the curriculum, and the School Examinations and Assessment Council (SEAC) in charge of assessments. The third change affected the administration of schools. As mentioned above, prior to 1988, Education administration was handled by local authorities. In London, for example it was in the hands of the Inner London Education Authority (ILEA), which was created in 1965, while outer London schools were directed by county councils and borough councils. The Education Reform Act of 1988 gave power to schools to opt out of local authority control and be funded by central government, so that schools could manage their own finances. The Local management of Schools meant that the role of head teachers included budget management as well (Powell and Edwards, 2003). This was the beginning of Grant maintained schools, which were later replaced by foundation schools. This led to the abolition of the Local Education Authority. The forth change concerned the creation of a league table where people could go and compare the performance of different schools. It was hoped that such a table would push schools to compete, and therefore provide better education to children. In 1993, another education act came into place. It aimed at increasing the number of Grant Maintained Schools; it replaced the NCC and SEAC with School Curriculum and Assessment Authority so that the curriculum content could be controlled by the government; more power was given to headteacher in their exclusion decisions of unruly pupils; changes were introduced for pupils with special educational needs; and the establishment of referral units. An inspection body called Ofsted came into existence to inspect schools in LEAS. Finally the SCAA and NCVQ formed the QCA. In 1997, the Labour Government introduced another reform. The Government introduced specialist schools such as Business, Sport schools so as to diversify education and the types of schools. So doing parents could have a variety of choices to make for their children. Failing schools were reopened under academies administered by churches or businesses. In deprived areas, the Government created Education Action zone in order to help improve education standard in those areas. Parents were given power and a voice to decide on the choice of schools for their children; they were given power to be represented in the school governing body. Further, a system of exam league table was introduced where parents could easily spot schools that are doing well, and those falling behind. Be it as it may, parents had the duty to ensure that their children attend schools. School funding was linked to the number of pupils a school had in its roll. The implication was that schools had to compete to improve their performance so as to attract parents and their children, and thus good funding as well. This is termed the market reform introduced by Conservative governments in the 1980s and 1990s, where schools were seen as a service and the parents and children as the clients. As a matter fact, education should provide valued forms of knowledge and equip children for life (James and Pollard, 2012) In the 1997 White Paper, Excellence in Schools, the rights of parents to information were extended including sending them the child progress annual report, their part in the inspection process, annual meeting, allowing them to have access to the childs school record. Schools were further obliged to publish an annual report about their management and a prospectus. Teachers were also given power to restrain pupils By so, doing the government, say the Department of Education gained new power, because they are in charge of the school curriculum, not the local authorities any more, the types of tests to administer to pupils, the types of qualifications to be awarded, the funding to give to schools, the nomination of members of the National Curriculum Council to plan the curriculum. The approval of schools that want to opt out, the change of school status is given by the State Secretary, even though the involvement of parents should be sought for. He has the administration of grants. The role of head teachers also changed as they became budget managers as well. The question one might ask at this point is to know whether those reforms were successful. Two views can be expressed here. On the one hand, the introduction of the national Curriculum should be appreciated, because it helps to have children expected to have the same knowledge and skills. The tests would help schools to work hard to improve their results, and research has revealed that more people are now going to university. The league table gives a better view to parents as to which school is doing better, so make an informed choice of schools for their children. On the other hand, it would appear that testing is not good enough to assess the performance of schools, and learning should not be limited to passing tests. With the league table, teaching has turned into preparing pupils to pass exams, and not a preparation for life. The league table has also been criticised as it ignores some areas such as Art and sport. Further, the league tables make some schools more popular than oth ers, and this raises difficulties for some parents to get a school of their choice for their children. Ball (2006) examined the concepts of markets in the context of education only to find that more needs to be discussed, and that such concepts as competition, supply and demand, producer and consumer behaviour, privatisation and commodification, values and ethics and distributional outcomes should be addresses as there is a paucity of research in this field. In Primary schools, teachers complained of the increased workload imposed by the National Curriculum, especially at the end of Key Stage 2 with the preparation of SATs, and this lead to Dearing Report which brought the load down by 20% (Alexander, 2012). The system of inspection also came into fire by various teachers unions who find the Ofsted as a problem, not a solution. Another problem concerned the introduction of foreign language teaching at age 7. This raised problems in a country such as the United kingdom where secondary schools teach various languages, French, German, Spanish. So a child could learn one language in primary school and have a different language in secondary schools. This means there will be no continuity as noted by the Guardian (2012). The structure of Key Stage 2 has also been criticized as it takes four years which the Framework for the National Curriculum found too long (DE, 2011). To conclude, it can be said that there have been one main Education reform Act, the 1988, and many education acts from 1988 to 1997. The changes in educational policies in those reforms can be regrouped in three categories: changes to do with centralisation, as education moved from local authorities to the government with the introduction of the National Curriculum; assessment by outcomes with the use of national assessment and the establishment of league-tables to compare the performance of different schools, and the quasi-market reform where schools are the manufacturers and children and their parents as consumers who have choices to make between different schools. In primary schools, the reforms could be noticed with the introduction of Key Stages 1 and 2, the national Curriculum with Maths, English and science as core subjects, while others were considered as foundations and religious study as statutory, the introduction of SATs and the literacy and numeracy strategies.

Alternative Medicine Essay -- Doctors Treatment Illness Papers

Alternative Medicine Although "Alternative" or "Complementary" medicine has been kept on the fringes of the medical sciences in the past, it is becoming increasingly more popular, and more reputable. Alternative medicines are those medical systems which are not taught to or practiced by most conventional medical doctors. Alternative medicines seemingly have always existed, changing and conforming to the current climate of society. There seems to be an almost endless number of alternative medicines, each with their own method of gaining perfect health. Often people who are dissatisfied with conventional medicine turn to alternative medicine for their medical needs. Many similarities link the diverse extremities of alternative medicine. These links define alternative medicine, but also help explain why they remain so controversial. They are characterized by a lack of unbiased, scientific testing, the belief in a vital force that cannot be explained scientifically, and a lack of strict regulation ensuring c ompetency and consistency among practitioners. Although these similarities exist a distinct separation must also be made between two types of alternative medical systems. The first type includes those that have "strong intellectual foundations and time tested methods of maintaining health and curing diseases" (Micozzi A48). These have established training and practice procedures and large numbers of practitioners and patients. Micozzi includes homeopathy, herbal treatment, chiropractic medicine, traditional osteopathy, and traditional Chinese medicine (acupuncture) in this first type of alternative medical systems. These are contrasted with what he refers to as "magic bullet" treatments which are usually for a specific dise... ...ailable: http//www.doubleclickd.com/theramessage.html [1996, Nov. 16]. Langone, John. "Challenging the Mainstream." Time. 148.14, 40-44, Fall, 1996. Magner, George. Chiropractic: The Victim's Perspective. Prometheus Books. Amhearst, New York: 1995. Marwick, Charles. "Time for New Head, New Approach at OAM." JAMA. 272.23, 1806-8, Dec 21, 1994. Micozzi, Marc S. "The need to Teach Alternative Medicine." The Chronicle of Higher Education. 42.9, A48, Aug. 16, 1996. Miller, James. "Critical Thinking of the Treating of Diseases: How to Avoid Quackery." Lecture Notes. The National Center for Homeopathy. (No date). Homeopathy: Natural Medicine for the 21st Century [Online]. Available: http://www.healthy.net/pan/pa/homepathic/natcenhom/ [1996, Nov. 16]. Young, James Harvey. American Health Quackery. Princeton University Press. Princeton, New Jersey: 1992. Alternative Medicine Essay -- Doctors Treatment Illness Papers Alternative Medicine Although "Alternative" or "Complementary" medicine has been kept on the fringes of the medical sciences in the past, it is becoming increasingly more popular, and more reputable. Alternative medicines are those medical systems which are not taught to or practiced by most conventional medical doctors. Alternative medicines seemingly have always existed, changing and conforming to the current climate of society. There seems to be an almost endless number of alternative medicines, each with their own method of gaining perfect health. Often people who are dissatisfied with conventional medicine turn to alternative medicine for their medical needs. Many similarities link the diverse extremities of alternative medicine. These links define alternative medicine, but also help explain why they remain so controversial. They are characterized by a lack of unbiased, scientific testing, the belief in a vital force that cannot be explained scientifically, and a lack of strict regulation ensuring c ompetency and consistency among practitioners. Although these similarities exist a distinct separation must also be made between two types of alternative medical systems. The first type includes those that have "strong intellectual foundations and time tested methods of maintaining health and curing diseases" (Micozzi A48). These have established training and practice procedures and large numbers of practitioners and patients. Micozzi includes homeopathy, herbal treatment, chiropractic medicine, traditional osteopathy, and traditional Chinese medicine (acupuncture) in this first type of alternative medical systems. These are contrasted with what he refers to as "magic bullet" treatments which are usually for a specific dise... ...ailable: http//www.doubleclickd.com/theramessage.html [1996, Nov. 16]. Langone, John. "Challenging the Mainstream." Time. 148.14, 40-44, Fall, 1996. Magner, George. Chiropractic: The Victim's Perspective. Prometheus Books. Amhearst, New York: 1995. Marwick, Charles. "Time for New Head, New Approach at OAM." JAMA. 272.23, 1806-8, Dec 21, 1994. Micozzi, Marc S. "The need to Teach Alternative Medicine." The Chronicle of Higher Education. 42.9, A48, Aug. 16, 1996. Miller, James. "Critical Thinking of the Treating of Diseases: How to Avoid Quackery." Lecture Notes. The National Center for Homeopathy. (No date). Homeopathy: Natural Medicine for the 21st Century [Online]. Available: http://www.healthy.net/pan/pa/homepathic/natcenhom/ [1996, Nov. 16]. Young, James Harvey. American Health Quackery. Princeton University Press. Princeton, New Jersey: 1992.

Discuss the increasing importance of HRM in today’s businesses Essay

With the emergence of a highly dynamic global economic system, and with new competitors constantly arriving on the scene, businesses are constantly finding ways to increase efficiency and effectiveness to stay viable to meet present and future work demands. The Human Resource Management (â€Å"HRM†) function exercised effectively in many businesses has overtime proven to have significant impacts on business results, thus becoming increasingly influential in the formulation of business strategies. This paper seeks to discuss the increasing importance of HRM in today’s businesses, with a focus on the four key roles identified by Dave Ulrich (1993) that Human Resource (â€Å"HR†) managers of today should play to rise up to impending challenges, in response to the purpose of this assignment. This paper will also attempt to define and interpret existing HRM concepts and theories and to highlight their differences and respective roles in the shaping of today’s businesses. It will also draw some examples of good strategic HRM practices in some of today’s most successful global companies. In today’s businesses all around the world, the fundamental attributions for a business to thrive in an ever-changing and demanding society have drastically undergone an overhaul in recent years to suit and adapt to change. With vast advancements in technology and better infrastructure in place, businesses are able to operate more efficiently in today’s society than before. However, the most essential ingredient in all successful businesses is its people, or what is termed today as ‘human asset’. Good staff are the heart and blood of businesses, driving them to achieve strategic objectives and goals. With such realisation, the HRM function in a business has been identified as a key role in the sustenance of business success and how it can be better positioned to gain a competitive stance through the effective management of its people. To attempt to precisely define HRM will result in more confusion and contradiction, particularly due to the case of its constant comparison with Personnel Management (â€Å"PM†). Worthy to note, Noon (1994:23) states that though HRM is comparatively new to many countries, in the USA the HRM term has been used over fifty years as an alternative name for PM and that the two terms are synonymous. Pre 1980s, PM was largely viewed as the human face of management. Torrington and Hall (1991) puts forth that: Thus it can be seen that PM is more work-force-centred, directed primarily at the business’s employees; sourcing and training them, arranging for remuneration, defining management expectations, tending to employee’s work-related needs, dealing with their problems and seeking to modify management action, which tend to produce unhappy employees and unwelcomed responses. Such is the ‘hard’ approach of managing people, viewing an organization’s employees as a cost, which needs to be tightly budgeted. People under the PM system are viewed as resources in the same way as any other business resources, and thus, indisputable never totally identified with the management interests. Thus surfaces a â€Å"gap† between human resource and business strategies, with the management and employees mediating the needs of each to the other. Tichy, Fombrun and Devanna (1982) state that: It was during the 1980s that HRM took on a new meaning as it grew and broadened as it focused on strategic and business concerns according to Tichy et. al. (1984) and Freedman (1991). It was identified with a strategic approach, bridging the link of managing of people to the achievement of business objectives. HRM was becoming more influential across regions like South Africa and Australasia and soon, it found itself being integrated into the local business cultures. HRM took upon the role of strategically managing the utilization of human resources at its optimum level. It strived for a seamless link between business policies and HR policies, and looked upon employees as resources distinct from the other resources, striving for a more humanistic approach. Drawing on such ideas, Alan Price (2004) defines HRM in the new age as: As such, HRM is viewed as a more resource-centred approach directed primarily at managing the need for human capital. This could be attributed to the ‘soft’ approach of HRM, which view its employees as a core asset. Human capital is thus defined not only to include employees of the business, but also to encompass the management as a whole unit whose interests can only be enhanced through the inclination of effective and integrated overall management of all the business’ processes and units. Henry and Pettigrew support this belief that the strategic character of HRM is distinctive. HRM is said to be based on a management and business-oriented philosophy. This is perhaps the most significant point differentiating HRM from traditional personnel management in today’s organizations. With more upcoming challenges ahead in an unpredictable future working environment, businesses are shifting their paradigm to adopt the HRM approach for its flexibility and proven means of producing results in the long run. If HRM is going to rise to such challenges, Dave Ulrich (1993) identified a four-pronged approach that managers can undertake to make the transition successfully. They are to play the roles of: * Administrative expert Ulrich asserts that HR needs to add value by acting as a partner with line management. He notes â€Å"HR professionals add value to a business when they use their expertise to link internal organization and management practices to external business requirements.† He reckons that HR managers must be effective through their management so as to create value within the organization. * Employee champion Ulrich reckons that a good HR manager is one who is able to relate and meet the needs of employees, at the same time be their voice in the organization so as to provide assurance and seeking of new resources for their betterment. Jack Welch, CEO of General Electric (2001) formulated the â€Å"Boundaryless† concept in the company where he took ideas to the bottom line of his thriving organization. He successfully removed barriers within the organization functions, encouraged employees to voice out any new ideas they had and assigned managers who were committed to the sharing of these ideas with the board and realizing them. As a result, employees were not only rewarded and recognized, but gained much credit for contributing to the company, thus boosting levels of employee confidence and commitment. * Change Agent Ulrich points out that HR managers must be able to manage change, simultaneously acting as a catalyst for change. In the ever-changing global economy, change is inevitable in organizations where staying cost-effective to gain competitive advantage is of priority. Change is seen as a means of psyching the business up to possible uncertainties in the present and future environment. HR managers thus must be able to lead functional change and exert influence over the organization by being observant and responsive towards change to ensure that the business stays viable. They need to constantly monitor the organization to determine the need for change and implementing it successfully alongside organization objectives and values. Ulrich further states that the distinction between those who succeed and fail is â€Å"the ability to respond to the pace of change†. Bill Hewlett and David Packard who founded Hewlett Packard said of managing change and growth: * Strategic partner Ulrich states that HR managers should shoulder the role of being a strategic business partner in the translation of business objectives into action. They must thus be able to develop new ideas and contribute to the making of business decisions within the organization on top of effective people management. HRM is thus seen as part of an integrated and coherent function in the business process. Ulrich highlights the increasingly complex and paradoxical roles the HR professionals must perform to better understand HRM functions and to add value in the organization by helping line managers align strategies and processes with the business needs of the organization. Legge (1989) also provides that that HRM concentrates more on what is done to managers than what is done by manager to the employees. He also reinforces that there is a more proactive role for line managers and for top management to manage culture. Thus is the focus on the true effectiveness and value of the HRM function and if streamlining its processes and redefining HR manager relationships with line managers would define new competencies for HR managers. But is definitely sufficient to say that the role of HR is dramatically changing as how Ulrich (1993), Schuler (1990) and Walker (1992) have recognized it to be. The HR function has systematically gained prominence. Senior HR professionals have made the shift from just being just ‘another functioning role in the organization’ to being key members of the senior management team. Noble (1994) captures this transition by stating, â€Å"competition has taken human resources from the backwater to the boardroom.† Since then, several formal theoretical models of Human Resource Strategy have started to appear as early as 1984, which served as analytical views to better comprehend the development of HRM and are loosely regarded as representatives for the profession. Among them are: * Fombrun, Tichy and Devanna’s Matching Model It seeks to internally unify activities with the HR function and business strategy. It aims to achieve a ‘match’ or ‘fit’ between the two functions. It has its focus on work systems and job designs, making HRM seem to evolve in a social vacuum. * The Harvard Model Produced by Beer, Spector, Lawrence, Quinn Mills and Walton (1984), it provides a broad yet casual depiction of the determinants and consequences of the implementation of HR policies. In this model, situational factors together with stakeholder’s interests are taken into account to influence the formulation of HR policies and outcomes. It concentrates on high commitment as the ideal state of the work force. The Stakeholder theory in this context sets out to prove the varying degrees of influence and impact that stakeholders can have on the conduct and progress of the organization. The main aim is to commit and coordinate the interests of an organization’s stakeholders while directing the organization’s primary activities. * The Warwick Model An extension of the Harvard Model by Hendry and Pettigrew (1990), it emphasizes the importance of external and internal environmental impacts on HRM and is more oriented to the process of change. * Guest’s Model Guest (1989) adapted the Harvard Model by basing his analysis on the four HR outcomes, and developing these into four policy goals: commitment, flexibility strategic integration and quality. This prescriptive model seeks to see these goals as a coherent package that needs to be achieved for desired organization outcomes. * The Storey Model John Storey (1993) stated that â€Å"the ability to take, and implement a strategic view of the whole range of the personnel practices in relation to business activity as a whole† is the basic distinction between traditional personnel management and HRM. Storey’s theoretical model is based on conceptions on how organizations have been transformed from predominantly personnel/IR practices to HRM practices. These influential HRM Models serve as a means of developing strategies and formulation of policies to support current business infrastructure and provides a framework of current concept, assumptions and theories of HRM practices in the real world today. Ulrich (1993) asserts that HR needs to add value by acting as a partner with line management. He notes â€Å"HR professionals add value to a business when they use their expertise to link internal organization and management practices to external business requirements.† To assess HRM outcomes and to define its processes in this new day and age is subjected to numerous debates as to the use of the ideal method in the effective management of people. HRM is evolving in tune to the gradual yet subtle phasing out of traditional PM in most modern organizations today. It can thus be concluded aptly that a successful organization is nothing without good staff, emphasizing once again, the importance of good HRM practices in today’s businesses and the integral role it plays in the with regards to the management of an organization’s core asset – Its people.    REFERENCES Price, Alan. (2004), Human Resource Management in a Business Context, 2nd Edition, Thomson Learning. Stone, J. Raymond. (2002), human Resource Management, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Torrington, Derek. and Hall, Laura. (1998), Human Resource Management, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall Europe. Torrington, Derek. and Hall, Laura. (1991), Personnel Management: A New Approach, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall. Ulrich, Dave. and Smallwood, Norm. (2003), Why the Bottom Line Isn’t!, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Welch, Jack. with Byrne A, John. (2001), JACK: What I’ve learned leading a great company and great people, Headline Book Publishing Great Britain. MGW2430 Human Resource Management Averil Chan Si Wan (19603363)

Learning from Your Life Story

MGMT 614 Short Writing Assignment #1 Learning From Your Life Story Aashima Mutneja Gamma 5 Date of Submission: 22nd Jan, 2013 A. Think back over all of the leadership experiences in your lifetime. Choose the leadership experience of which you are the proudest. In this exercise, put yourself back in that time and describe it as if it were happening to you right now. Describe your proudest leadership experience, starting with the specific events. Consider the following questions in your description: What happened? What was the history or climate of the organization/group you were in?What triggered the experience? What caused you to step up and lead? What was the outcome? What changed in the people in the organization as a result? How did you feel†¦ Before stepping up to lead? When you first stepped up to lead? When facing the challenges of the situation? After the results were in? (Do not limit yourself on space for this section. ) Proudest Leadership Experience I graduated from t he University of Mumbai in 2009 with a lucrative job offer as a financial trainee for one of the leading financial software companies in India.Additionally, I was fortunate that few of my close friends were going to join the firm along with me. However, few weeks before our official start we were notified of an indefinite deferment in our joining date. Most of us were finance enthusiasts and were disheartened at this development. We faced a series of disappointments as we tried to find a financial position at the peak of the financial crisis with no prior finance experience or education. Most of us eventually joined jobs related to our major in industrial engineering. However not being able to switch to finance added a lot of dissatisfaction in our current roles.My key strength, as pointed to me by the MBA program is restorative which means to have an innate knack of solving problems quickly and efficiently. I couldn’t agree more with this analysis and true to my nature I qui ckly started gathering and analyzing information related to careers in finance. I reached out to industry professionals and understood that the most desired qualification for finance professionals was a CFA charter. This answered my question on how to break into the field of finance. A CFA certification required passing three extremely difficult examinations, which meant grueling late night studying.I understood that the process would be highly stressful and hence decided to form a study group to ensure that there was a level of discipline, focus and support as we decided to endure this demanding journey. My next challenge was to convince people to get on board. My first choice was to approach my finance oriented friends. As expected, most of them were uncertain about the time and commitment required for this examination. The plan was to finish each level within six months as opposed to 12 months suggested by the program.I understood their apprehensions and tried to address all thei r questions and concerns patiently. To convince them to agree to give the CFA, I knew I would have to show them the benefits of holding a CFA charter. So I arranged a meeting with one of the CFA charter holders who got us excited about CFA and we started our journey towards a charter. My next challenge was to bring discipline and a routine to our studies. Exhausted after long hours of work, I kept the enthusiasm high by reminding them about the final result or simply by taking more frequent coffee breaks.Even though we finally established a routine, the frustration of studying and working together was taking a toll on all of us. Compromising on time with family and friends, missing out on our favorite activities including watching our favorite games, made us question if it was even worth it. At that time the only question I asked to myself was if not finance than what? I couldn’t imagine myself doing anything else, I was confident that this was the career option that best fit my interests and skills. I felt that my nner drive and perseverance was an inspiration to my friends and we fed of each other’s energy to carry forward. After twelve months of extreme hard work, we cleared two levels of the CFA examination as planned and the final third level twelve months after that. Fortunately, after completing two level of CFA all of us were able to secure a respectable job within the financial services space. I did not receive an award for it and maybe it did not make a difference to anyone else’s life. However I had the determination and focus to make a difference to my life.I could lead change within me and those around me. It has been one of the most difficult and challenging phase of my life but I have also felt the most driven and alive in those moments of struggle. This was my first real experience with leading others and me towards a goal. B. What things did you just learn about your leadership as you told that story? 1. Accountability 2. Patience 3. Self-discipline C. What leadership qualities did you bring to that leadership experience? 1. Determination 2. Patience 3. Focus 4. Initiative 5. Passion D.How did those qualities contribute to the outcome? Link an outcome to each of the qualities you listed above. Leadership Quality| Its Effect on the Outcome| 1. Determination| It helped me to stay focused on the goal during difficult times| 2. Patience| It helped me to adjust with different personalities and try to understand their perspective while trying to achieve an outcome in a team setting. | 3. Focus| It helped me rise above a disheartening situation and start developing the action plan to achieve my goal. | 4. Initiative| It helped me take actions to change he current state of affairs for the better and encourage guide other people to do the same. | 5. Passion| It helped me be determined and focused during difficult times and also made the entire process enjoyable and the final outcome worth the effort. | E. Now , be your own mentor. Turn back to the story again and look at it from the perspective of what you know now. If you were mentoring yourself at that time, what advice would you give? Mentoring Advice In retrospect, I would advise myself to be more composed as I work towards my goals.I was focused and determined but compromised on my lifestyle, which I feel would not be sustainable in the long run. Having spent twelve months under constant stress and pressure made me lose sight of the bigger picture and made me a more paranoid person in general. I heard time and again during those trying times to â€Å"take it easy† as it was not the end of the world, while I would advise myself to stress myself too much, I would not like to have a â€Å"take it easy† attitude. I struggle to find the right balance of working and relaxation; a key component of a happy and successful life.

Gravity Lab essays

Gravity Lab essays The purpose of this lab was to find that gravity of Earth is indeed 9.8 m/s/s (the The theory, according to Galileo, is that two objects have the same acceleration if dropped from the same height will land at the same time at the speed of 9.8 m/s/s as long as there is no air resistance. To have an understanding Galileos theory of acceleration, certain terms and equations must be known. Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by the time interval which the change of velocity was measured. Velocity is defined as the change of position (distance) divided by the time interval that the position was measured by. The most basic formula used in this lab, and in most of physics, is the formula for velocity. this formula is defined as: velocity = change in distance divided by the change in time ( v = d/t ). The basic metric units for this equation will be m/s. Another formula used is the formula used to find acceleration. this equation is as follows: acceleration = change of velocity divided by the change in time ( a = v/t ). The basic metric unit used with this equation are m/s/s. Gravitys most common law for gravity is known as the constant acceleration of force on any objects, no matter what the size or shape, only if there is no wind The first step in this lab is to take the ticker timer, the ticker tape, and the object being tested and put these objects nearby. When cutting the ticker tape, make sure to cut a long enough piece so that it will touch the ground when at the height it will be dropped at. Put the ticker tape into the timer, making sure there is carbon paper on the timer to make the marks. Then tape the object to the ticker tape and make sure it is secured. Once these steps have been completed, drop the object. (Note: There should be two objects in this lab; a heavy and a heavier. On lab partner should drop one and the other lab partner...

Michael Jordan

Michael Jordan Free Online Research Papers Basketball is a team sport in which two teams try to score points against one another by putting a basketball through a hoop. It is played with twelve to fifteen people from each team but only five people on the court at a time from each team. Basketball was first played in 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts. Basketball is one of the most popular and widely viewed sport in the world. There have been many great basketball players, but not as great as Michael Jordan. Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time. On February 17, 1963 Michael Jordan was born to a middle class family in Brooklyn, New York. Although he was born in Brooklyn, New York, he moved to Wilmington, North Carolina at a young age and grew up there.(World Book 166) This shows that he must have missed his hometown. Michael Jordan was one of the five children of James and Deloris Jordan. Michael Jordan’s father, James Jordan, worked as a General Electric plant supervisor and his mom, Deloris Jordan worked at a bank. This shows that his parents had to provide for seven people while being not that rich. His father taught him to work hard and not to be tempted by street life. His mother taught him to sew, clean, and do laundry. This means that his parents loved him and cared for him. Jordan had two brothers and two sisters. Both of his brothers were older than him. Larry Jordan and James R. Jordan were his older brothers. He also had an older sister, Deloris Jordan, and a younger sister, Roslyn M. Jordan. (Pietrusza 10-11) Michael Jordan and his father both liked baseball as their first sport, but Michael Jordan followed his brother, Larry Jordan. Larry Jordan didn’t play in the NBA, but he played against Michael Jordan in his backyard. Michael Jordan was way shorter than Larry at that time. Larry was also stronger and bigger than him. Larry Jordan always beat him, but Michael Jordan never gave up.(Pietrusza 11-12) Michael on remarked: ‘It’s an instinct that makes me love to win and hate to lose at any game. My older brother Larry used to beat me in one-on-one basketball games. He’d say something about it and I’d get ticked off and fight him.’ (qtd in Pietrusza 11) This shows that Michael Jordan loved to play basketball and never wanted to give up. Michael Jordan modeled himself after Larry Jordan. Michael Jordan was now ready to go to high school. He went to Laney High School. He had one very big problem. He was like all the other Jordans, he was short. Michael Jordan was only five feet five inches. Then he began to grow quickly. When he entered high school he was five feet ten inches tall. Michael Jordan now had the jumping skills of his brother Larry plus his own height. This shows that he was working really hard to accomplish this. In his sophomore year he tried out for the basketball team, but he didn’t make it. He was shocked. He was a decent p0layer and he knew he was at least better than one competitor who had made the team. (Pietrusza 12) Jordan once recalled: ‘I went to my room and I closed the door and I cried. For a while I couldn’t stop.’ (qtd in Pietrusza 12)But when he got over the shock, he became more crazed to be a better player. This means that he really loves basketball and doesn’t want to quit. Michael Jordan was now determined to make the varsity team and prove his coach wrong. Actually, his coach wasn’t wrong at all. He knew that Michael Jordan was better that the last player he had picked for the varsity team, but he also knew that if Michael Jordan made it he wouldn’t get to play that much. This means that his coach actually wanted him to get better. The place for Michael Jordan to get better was on the junior varsity team so the coach put him on it. Michael Jordan gave all he had on the junior varsity team. He averaged 28 points per game as the team’s point guard. Michael was the best player on the JV team and he hoped he would be added to the varsity roster because the vars ity team was headed towards the state tournament, but he didn’t get picked. The next year he was no longer five feet ten inches tall, but he was six feet three inches tall and he was ready to be on the varsity team. He had made the varsity team this year. In Michael Jordan’s senior year he was in big trouble. Michael began to cut classes and he ignored hid studies. Laney’s principal called in James Jordan to tell him that Michael Jordan was excellent in sports but he also had to get his grades up. (Pietrusza 12-15) This means that Michael Jordan was lazy about doing his school work. When Michael was ready for college he decided to go to University of North Carolina after visiting several colleges. Michael Jordan was first nervous about being at UNC. He thought classes were difficult and the competition in basketball was tougher than anything he had ever faced before in his entire life. Soon Michael Jordan understood the Tar Heels coach, Dean Smith’s way of coaching. Dean Smith didn’t want a one man team, but he wanted a team that showed teamwork. (Pietrusza 15) This shows that the coach wanted all his players to do good. Michael Jordan’s teammates were quickly impressed by his skills and attitude. One of his teammates, Jimmy Black said: ‘I like Jordan’s overall game. He’s a competitor and a hustler and we need him on the floor.’(Pietrusza 15) This shows that Michael Jordan fit in right away with the rest of his team. Jordan was ready to play his first game and he did pretty good. After the game Michael said : ‘I felt real comfortable out there. I felt good on my shots. I did throw a bad pass, though, and I need to help out more on defense.’ (Pietrusza 15) The Tar Heels finished with twenty-four victories and only two loses. They were ranked as the nation’s number one college team. They were the favorite team when they entered in the NCAA tournament, but they barely got into the finals. There they faced the Hoyas and in the fourth quarter the Hoyas were leading 62-61. Coach Smith wanted Michael Jordan to take the last shot and he made it. Michael Jordan was also doing good in studies. He averaged a B. Jordan played well for the Tar Heels during his early college years. At the end of his junior year Coach Smith urged him to turn professional. Michael Jordan decided to skip his senior year and turn pro. He was ready for a higher challenge. (Pietrusza 15-20) He later revealed: ‘I had achieved everything possible on the college level and it was time for me to go and move on to bigger dreams and bigger goals, because I had achieved everything possible.’ (Pietrusza 20) Michael Jordan was now ready for the 1984 NBA draft. Michael Jordan didn’t want to be drafted any lower than fifth. Michael was drafted third to the Chicago Bulls. Michael Jordan wanted to be drafted by the Philadelphia 76ers. (Pietrusza 21) This means that Michael Jordan doesn’t want to be on a losing team. After being drafted by the Bulls, Jordan said: ‘No, I’ve never been on a losing team before, but that doesn’t bother me. You don’t join any team expecting to go out there and lose. Chicago is a young team, and we have a lot of hard work ahead. The only way for the Bulls to go is up, and I’m really looking forward to making a contribution.’ (Pietrusza 22) Jordan was now ready to receive his contract with the Bulls. The Bulls gave Jordan a seven-season $6 million contract. Michael Jordan received the third highest amount ever paid to an NBA rookie. (nba.com/pla-yerfile/Michael_Jordan/) Michael Jordan was going to get more money because he lend his name to Nike to make Air Jordans. Michael Jordan played and won gold medal in the Summer Olympics. Michael played his first NBA season in 1984. His excellent performance won him NBA Rookie of the Year. This shows that Michael is getting to be one of the best players. Michael Jordan led in scoring almost every season. Michael Jordan won every major regular season award. In his first season with the Bulls, Chicago’s home attendance doubled. Soon Michael Jordan was popping u0p on television and in magazine ads and on billboards for such huge companies as General Mills, Coca-Cola, and Wilson Sporting Goods. Michael Jordan was everywhere. Fans voted him onto the 1985 NBA All-Star Team. It s hould have been a proud moment for Jordan, instead it wasn’t. Michael Jordan found out how much his teammates disliked him because he already became basketball’s biggest attraction. Before the game Jordan’s teammates decided to not let him get the ball that much. Phil Jackson took over as Bulls head coach. Jackson’s plan was to make a better-balanced offense instead of Collin’s plan to build the entire team’s offense around Michael Jordan. (Pietrusza 22-34) This shows that Jackson wanted a well-rounded team. Outside of NBA Michael had started to date Juanita Vanoy. In 1988 they had a son, Jeffrey Michael Jordan and in 1989 Juanita Vanoy and Michael Jordan married. They also had two more children. They had a boy and a girl. Their other son’s name was Marcus James Jordan and their daughter’s name was Jasmine Michael Jordan. The next season Michael Jordan and the Bulls made it to the Finals again. The Bulls were playing against th e Lakers. The Bulls beat the Lakers and Michael Jordan won the Playoff MVP honors. In the next season some teammates weren’t happy with Michael Jordan. President George Bush invited the Bulls to the White House. (Pietrusza 34-42) The whole team went except Michael Jordan. This shows that Jordan thinks he is higher than others. Once again the Bulls went to the Playoffs and made it to the Finals. They would go against the Portland Trailblazers. Once again they won and it was their second time. Michael Jordan joined the Dream Team and they made it to the Olympic Finals were they faced Croatia. At the end USA won. Now this was the third season Bulls made it to the Finals in a row and faced the Phoenix Suns. Although the Suns gave good competition, Jordan and the Bulls pulled off a three-peat and wont the 1993 NBA title. Michael Jordan started to hate basketball because if they lost they would blame it on him. After each game, Jordan couldn’t walk to his car and go home because fans were too crazy about him. After a while Jordan stopped going out. Then in 1993 another bad thing happened to Jordan. Jordan’s father was shot by two teenagers because they wanted to steal his $50,000 car. Michael Jordan was so sad that he decided to retire and fulfill his dad’s dream of playing baseball. Michael Jordan played for the Birmingham Barons, but he didn’t do so well. In 1994-95 season Michael came back to the Bulls. Then right after he came back, the Bulls won the Finals twice in a row. Michael Jordan now had won five championships with the Bulls. Now, the Bulls were going for their second three-peat. The Bulls won again and they won six championships in eight seasons wi th Michael Jordan. After his contract ended with the Bulls, he went and played with the Washington Wizards for two years. Jordan did play well for the Wizards, but he didn’t win any championship with them. (Pietrusza 43-91) After Michael Jordan retired from playing basketball, he decided to partly own the Charlotte Bobcats. Now everybody says that Michael Jordan is the best basketball player and everybody wants to be like him. Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player ever. Research Papers on Michael JordanNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionThe Hockey GameTwilight of the UAWHip-Hop is ArtAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyWhere Wild and West MeetStandardized TestingComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Adam and Eve Creation Essay Example for Free

Adam and Eve Creation Essay ? The Lord God formed man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and man became a living being.† (Genesis 2:7). The Hebrew for man is pronounced aw-dawm, from which Adam is derived. It’s also related to aw-dawm-ah, which means red earth, or red clay – indicating the natural earth elements that composed Adam’s body, and the body of every human being since. â€Å"The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden [see Where Was The Garden Of Eden?] to work it and take care of it. † (Genesis 2:15). Adam wasn’t going to lead an idle life – he had a job right from his first day. For a little while, Adam was the only human being in existence (imagine being the only person on an entire planet!). â€Å"The Lord God said, â€Å"It is not good for the man to be all alone.† (Genesis 2:18) â€Å"So The Lord God caused the man to fall into a deep sleep; and while he was sleeping, He took one of the man’s ribs and closed up the place with flesh. Then The Lord God made a woman from the rib. He had taken out of the man, and He brought her to the man. The man said, â€Å"This is now bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called ‘woman,’ for she was taken out of man.† For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and they will become one flesh.† (Genesis 2:21-24) Eve’s original name, when translated, meant simply â€Å"woman,† (a â€Å"female man†) just as Adam was known simply as â€Å"man† (a â€Å"male man†). He called her â€Å"woman,† and she called him â€Å"man.† Later, â€Å"Adam named his wife Eve, because she would become the mother of all the living.† (Genesis 3:20). Eve is derived from the Hebrew word which means life-giving. Eventually, besides Cain And Abel, they had Seth (Genesis 5:3), and numerous other children (Genesis 5:4). â€Å"So God created man in His Own Image, in The Image of God He created him; male and female He created them. God blessed them and said to them, â€Å"Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground.† Then God said, â€Å"I give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food. And to all the beasts of the earth and all the birds of the air and all the creatures that move on the ground – everything that has the breath of life in it – I give every green plant for food.† And it was so. God saw all that he had made, and it was very good. And there was evening, and there was morning – the sixth day.† (Genesis 1:27-31). (see The Seven Days Of Creation) Adam and Eve had a perfect life in Eden. That is, until That Old Serpent slithered in. Fact Finder: What was God’s command to Adam (Eve had not yet been created) regarding a certain two trees in the Garden of Eden? Genesis 2:16-17 Adam and Eve Creation. (2016, Nov 13).

Oil and Gas Prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Oil and Gas Prices - Essay Example History has been riddled with many incidents of oil price increases due to conflicts and fighting between and among countries. Emily Witten (2008) documents the history of oil price increase and is hereinafter summarized. In the 1970s, oil price increased to as much as $46 a barrel when the OPEC imposed an embargo on the U.S. and its allies for the latter’s support of Israel in the Yom Kippur War. In order to keep up the high prices of oil, the OPEC even decreased oil production. In 1978, when the Shah of Iran was deposed from power and a radical Islamic government was installed, oil prices rose to $42. In the 1980s, oil prices decreased as many Western countries made an effort towards conservation, however, these efforts were thwarted when Iraq invaded Iran and oil prices rose to $86 per barrel. Following the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States, oil prices increased from $21 to $26. The U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003 sparked another increase in oil prices from $32 in 2004 to $60 in 2006. Interspersed in these oil price increases were efforts towards conservation and peace which noticeably settled or decreased oil prices. However, the trend became clear, whenever there were conflicts between nations, oil prices went up. In the case of Colombia, oil facilities have been under constant threat of attack by guerilla groups in the region. Attacks on oil installations and civil conflicts in the region have made oil-importing countries like the United States concerned about oil supplies. These oil importing countries opined that â€Å"attacks on energy infrastructure in Colombia, and especially the implications of Colombian instability for the broader energy-rich Andean region, pose a threat to a key source of oil supplies† (Dunning & Wirpsa, 2004). These conflicts, in the light of the September 11 attacks on American soil gave license to the US to

The case method of stratigic analysis David and Goliath Essay

The case method of stratigic analysis David and Goliath - Essay Example -There are a number of possible solutions to the problem. One solution is to have each side choose its strongest member. For the Philistine this would be Goliath. For the Israelites this would be David. Both individuals would then fight to the death. The winner would determine the resolution for the entirety of their population. While this would provide a resolution and avoid significant death, one recognizes that it is largely an arbitrary means of deciding on the solution; for this reason not all participants may be happy with the final solution. -Another potential option would be to have both organizations engage in diplomacy. While a regular component of international relations in the contemporary environment, during the time of this conflict such actions occurred only in limited form. This then constitutes a major potential option a means of solving this conflict. -Still, another potential option would be to allow both armies to engage in warfare. While this is the most extreme solution it is an option that continues to be implemented through the contemporary world environment. This solution would be effective in providing a strong and resolute answer to the issue, as the stronger party would have the final say in the matter. Still, the human death toll would be significant. One considers that diplomacy functions as the best option as it determines an amenable solution without bloodshed and death. This approach functions within the Ansoff management techniques. One considers that turbulence is a prominent area of concern within the Ansoff approach, and this situation demonstrates a great degree of unpredictability. Ansoff recognizes that managers must meet these challenges with an appropriate aggressiveness of strategy. In this sense, the diplomatic approach recognizes that because of the turbulent nature of the situation, a strong and resolute solution needs to be reached. The diplomatic action then will

Lin200 final Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lin200 final - Assignment Example 24. Localization is about the examination and study of various parts of the brain that carries out specialized functions in the learning and mastery of language. This is because different parts of the brains carry out various functions and the use of MRI scans and other things show the development of matter around various parts of the brain. Researchers indicate that language acquisition significantly alters the brain and parts of it. The left hemisphere of the brain and right hemisphere have specialized functions they each perform. For example, the Broca’s area is known for syntax learning. 26. A. Nonrefundable: non-refund-able; Category – Compounding form adjective; Root – Refund; Bases – Refund (verb), Able (adjective), Non (Adjective). Inflectional Affix: â€Å"Non† negating â€Å"Refund†; Derivational Affix: the connection of the first two roots with â€Å"–able† gives it a state or form. 28. A. Coordination is a problem with this because crippled and landing are somewhat problematic; There are also topicalization issues and there is also a problem with the pro-form substitution so I think it fails the test; B. There are some coordination issues with this sentence. â€Å"Took† does not seem to get along well with â€Å"to the garage†. There seem to be some issues with pseudo-clefting in this sentence as well. The sentence is grammatically correct, but has some few gaps. 32. Linguistic Relativity: This is the view that the nature and structure of a given language defines the worldview of its speakers. It posits that language and its structure determines the thought of its speakers. An example is the case of languages being specialized in certain worldviews and thoughts and helping to promote certain activities. For instance, Hebrew is structured to ensure that its speakers tilt towards a given worldview of Judaism and Jewish customs. 33. Homographs are words

Knowledge Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Knowledge Management - Term Paper Example This discussion stresses that it is always possible to build a network within the organization where data from various departments will be collaborated into a single centralized system before forwarding it to Google’s platform. As far as the use of the database is concerned to, the platform put forth by Google cloud services makes it possible for all individual systems within the organization to have a common access so that organizational roles and functions on the database can be undertaken on a collaborated purpose.As the report highlights  comes with the cloud services offered on Google’s website is that it makes organizational innovation more revealing. That is, is stimulates the act and practice of organizational innovation among the personnel within the organization. This is done in a number of ways. Because of the idea of bringing about collaboration, it becomes almost mandatory that every sector of the organization should be working on its own miniature databa se that would be forwarded into a centralized system before sending it to the Google database. This decentralized system eradicates the temptation that certain departments will be waiting on the centralized system to get all the work done. Rather, the innovative skill of every sector is quickened and brought alive as they all take up a role to deliver within the organization.  Expert systems and neural networks are both components of a technology based management system that is rooted in the principles of knowledge management.... cloud services offered such as replication, patch management and backups require that people within the system get themselves at breast with the technological time to be able to live up such challenges. By so doing, creativity and innovation is highlighted among the people because they will be forced to live up to modernity and time. 2. Generally, expert systems and neural networks are both components of a technology based management system that is rooted in the principles of knowledge management. This is because in both cases, there is that conscious effort by stakeholders to ensuring that the capabilities, insights and experiences available to the human resource base are identified, nurtured, utilized and developed through the use of basic technology (Guo & Sanchez, 2005). As far as expert systems is concerned, it could be said to be tilted more towards artificial intelligence that allows for the use of computer system to undertake the basic processes of decision-making that would have otherwise existed for the human resource to undertake. The process is referred to as expert systems because in its delivery of work, it functions and undertakes processes as a human expert would do. The capabilities available in expert systems thus have to do with the fact that it does not use logical procedures of developers but use consequential logical reasoning to solve complex problems. In the long run, the inadequacies and weaknesses of the creator of the systems are overshadowed by the complex reasoning capabilities of the system and this is a huge advantage to users of expert systems. Neural network is also attributed to artificial intelligence in the manner in which it uses the artificial basis of the biological concept of neurology to solve basic technological problems of

The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy - President's Doctrine Assignment

The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy - President's Doctrine - Assignment Example Without the support of Great Britain, neither Greece nor Turkey could survive the Soviet attack. Policy makers in the U.S were aware of the instability in this region and feared that if Turkey gave in to the pressures from the Soviets, Greece’s position will be threatened and that Turkey itself would not survive for long in the event that Greece succumbs to communism. The strategic importance of the stability Greece and Turkey to the U.S cannot be undermined since their fall would mean geographically strengthening of the Soviet Union’s ability to end friendly supply chains in times of war. According to the U.S Undersecretary of state Dean Acheson, the U.S had more at stake if either Greece or Turkey was to fall. The spread of communism would be far and wide reaching as far as India to the east and Iran to the south. Such fears are what influenced Truman’s administration to redefine American Foreign policy (McGhee, 2006). Discussion The withdrawal of Great Britain ’s financial aid to both Greece and Turkey, the suspected interference of Soviet in Turkish and Greek affairs and the dwindling relationship between the U.S and the Soviet Union is what influenced President Truman’s administration decision of reorienting the U.S foreign policy. ... This then came to be known as the â€Å"Truman’s Doctrine† and was subsequently adopted by the Congress and is what shaped Americas foreign policy (Merrill, 2006). Truman considered a Communist victory in Greece to not only undermine the political stability in Turkey but would also endanger the political stability in the Middle East. He argued that the U.S national security depended not only on its territorial security but also on the containment of the Soviet authoritarianism forcible expansion into independent, free nations. The United States reoriented foreign policy based on Truman’s doctrine now meant that it would actively help in preserving the political independence and integrity of â€Å"free people’s† as far such assistance was in the best interest of the U.S. According to Truman, the U.S needed to avail$400 million worth of assistance to both the Turkish and Greek Governments and help in the sending of equipment, U.Smilitary and civilian personnel to the region. This doctrine was the first among several containment measures of dealing with domino effect of communism (Merrill, 2006). The U.S government then embarked on restoring the economies of Western Europe countries as a communism containment measure. To do this, the â€Å"Marshall Plan†also known as Economic Cooperation Actwas established on June 5, 1947 and became operational in April 1948. Through this plan, the U.S was to give financial aid to assist in the reconstruction of the war-torn regions and help in industrial modernization. The Marshal plan was a huge success and was replaced in 1951 by the â€Å"Mutual Security Plan†. The U.S policy makers were knew that nations across Europe could

The Church Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Church - Essay Example St Peter and St Paul were perhaps the two most important influences on the Early Church after Jesus himself and on a par with Jesus’ brother James. The Early Church seemed to face major challenges as the Apostles died out. Despite these challenges the Early Churches would go on developing and would eventually allow Christianity to become the sole official religion of the Roman Empire some three centuries later, the same Roman Empire that had tried so hard to eliminate the Early Churches. Evidence about the Early Church was recorded not only in the New Testament especially the letters of St Paul, the letters of James, St Matthew’s gospel and the Book of Acts it was recorded by non-Christians within the Roman Empire. The writing of the four gospels of the New Testament was given greater urgency by the fact that the Apostles and those who had actually witnessed Jesus for themselves were dying through old age and persecution. Raymond Brown wrote The Church the Apostles Left Behind for various reasons. One reason was to examine and explain how the Early Church not only survived the death of the Apostles yet also how it would eventually prosper in the face of persecution and hostility. Brown concentrated on studying and writing about the seven main Early Churches such as those of the Corinthians and Rome. To be a Christian in the 1st century AD not only put people into a tiny minority it also put them at great personal risk, Jesus, St Peter and St Paul had all been executed and would be followed by many ordinary Christians. The strength of faith and bravery of many members of the Early Church had to be admired. The Early Church seemed to well endowed with the Holy Spirit and strong sense of its own convictions. All good Christians should after all be prepared to stand and fight for what they believe to be right. Brown also explored how the Early Churches started to organise themselves in terms of developin g the roles of the ministry and the laity

The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy - President's Doctrine Assignment

The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy - President's Doctrine - Assignment Example Without the support of Great Britain, neither Greece nor Turkey could survive the Soviet attack. Policy makers in the U.S were aware of the instability in this region and feared that if Turkey gave in to the pressures from the Soviets, Greece’s position will be threatened and that Turkey itself would not survive for long in the event that Greece succumbs to communism. The strategic importance of the stability Greece and Turkey to the U.S cannot be undermined since their fall would mean geographically strengthening of the Soviet Union’s ability to end friendly supply chains in times of war. According to the U.S Undersecretary of state Dean Acheson, the U.S had more at stake if either Greece or Turkey was to fall. The spread of communism would be far and wide reaching as far as India to the east and Iran to the south. Such fears are what influenced Truman’s administration to redefine American Foreign policy (McGhee, 2006). Discussion The withdrawal of Great Britain ’s financial aid to both Greece and Turkey, the suspected interference of Soviet in Turkish and Greek affairs and the dwindling relationship between the U.S and the Soviet Union is what influenced President Truman’s administration decision of reorienting the U.S foreign policy. ... This then came to be known as the â€Å"Truman’s Doctrine† and was subsequently adopted by the Congress and is what shaped Americas foreign policy (Merrill, 2006). Truman considered a Communist victory in Greece to not only undermine the political stability in Turkey but would also endanger the political stability in the Middle East. He argued that the U.S national security depended not only on its territorial security but also on the containment of the Soviet authoritarianism forcible expansion into independent, free nations. The United States reoriented foreign policy based on Truman’s doctrine now meant that it would actively help in preserving the political independence and integrity of â€Å"free people’s† as far such assistance was in the best interest of the U.S. According to Truman, the U.S needed to avail$400 million worth of assistance to both the Turkish and Greek Governments and help in the sending of equipment, U.Smilitary and civilian personnel to the region. This doctrine was the first among several containment measures of dealing with domino effect of communism (Merrill, 2006). The U.S government then embarked on restoring the economies of Western Europe countries as a communism containment measure. To do this, the â€Å"Marshall Plan†also known as Economic Cooperation Actwas established on June 5, 1947 and became operational in April 1948. Through this plan, the U.S was to give financial aid to assist in the reconstruction of the war-torn regions and help in industrial modernization. The Marshal plan was a huge success and was replaced in 1951 by the â€Å"Mutual Security Plan†. The U.S policy makers were knew that nations across Europe could

Energy Drinks, the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Essay Example for Free

Energy Drinks, the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Essay Energy drinks, also known as power boosters, are soft drinks that contain nutrients and good flavor. The name of some energy drinks are Red Bull, Rockstar, and Monster. These drinks help improve and boost energy levels. People who drink power beverages experience decrease in stress, muscle strain, and fatigue. Power beverages also help improve speed and reaction. Energy drinks should remain on the market because they help athletes, workers, and students maintain performance, endurance and momentum. The most accepted energy drink is Red Bull. Red Bull contains caffeine and sodium. Caffeine acts as a pick-me-up, giving people the feeling of being awake and alert. Sodium helps to prevent the body from losing water. These ingredients work together to increase energy levels in the human body. Red Bull commercials often feature athletes, students, and workers drinking its products. Some people prefer to drink diet energy drinks. Red Bull is the only brand that offers power drinks in diet, making it the most popular energy drink on the market. Monster Energy, second in popularity, is highly favored by the adult community. It is the energy drink of choice for most athletes. Monster largely relies on a high dosage of sugar and caffeine to boost the users energy level. After drinking one can of Monster, users experience a feeling that is similar to drinking three cups of coffee. Rock Star is available in fourteen different flavors and is preferred by the younger generation. People that like to party prefer Rock Star because it prevents them from getting tired. The increased amounts of sugar and vitamins in Rock Star help prevent low energy. This gives party goers power to keep going. Energy drinks are good for people because they keep the human body alert. Most brands can be purchased in any store. Power drinks contain nutrients; good flavor, and increases energy levels. Many people seek energy boosters to improve metabolism and strengthen immune system when dieting. These drinks help people to stay alert in everyday life functions such as working, playing sports, and school. Red Bull and Monster both contain Vitamin B. Vitamin B is important to the body. It improves the function of red and white blood cells. Cells are instrumental in ridding the body of impurities and promoting healthy liver function. Energy drinks should not be taken off the market because they help athletes, workers, and students to maintain performance, providing momentum during times of stress and strain.

Sleep Disorders in College Students | Annotated Bibliography

Sleep Disorders in College Students | Annotated Bibliography Cukrowicz, K.C., Otamendi, A., Pinto, J.V., Bernet, R.A., Krakow, B., Joiner, T.J. (2006). The impact of insomnia and sleep disturbances on depression and suicidality. Dreaming, 16(1), 1-10. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of sleep disturbances and insomnia on depression and suicidality in a non-treatment seeking sample of college students. Results indicated that insomnia and nightmares were significant predictors of symptoms of depression, while only nightmares significantly predicated suicidal ideation. Further analysis indicated that participants with high levels of insomnia, nightmares, or both experienced differing levels of depression and suicidal ideation. The discussion elaborates on a number of different treatment implications for the findings of this study. For example, the high correlations between sleep disturbances and depression and suicidality indicates the need for patients and therapists to monitor sleep regularly as a part of the assessment process and treatment plan. In addition, sleep hygiene and daily rhythm monitoring may aid in identifying phases from each of these disorders by identifying issues of sleep (nightmares in part icular) as specific risk factors for depression and suicidal ideation. Koffel, E. (2011). Further validation of the Iowa sleep disturbances inventory. Psychological Assessment,23(3), 587-598. This study wanted to understand whether visual attention impairment contributed to the distraction that is caused by talking on cell phones while driving. The idea is that selective attention causes individuals to only to be able to focus on certain stimuli and ignores others. The fact that talking on the phone requires a certain amount of attention one cannot give their complete attention to driving. In this study, the numbers of participants were not discussed but they were volunteers who were compensated $10 an hour for their time. The studies were done in a simulated laboratory. The study cannot generalize to the population because the participants were not randomly selected. Furthermore, the study did not explain where did they got their volunteers so that is problematic, which may affect the results. This article fits into the research proposal because it explains how driving and talking on the phone can affect attention and memory. This study provided evidence that attention c annot be shared evenly because one stimulus takes more of the attention. Koffel, E., Watson, D. (2009). The two-factor structure of sleep complaints and its relation to depression and anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 118(1), 183-194. This research examined the effects of cell phone usage on simulated driving. The study examined whether age had an effect on divided attention while driving and using hands free cell phone conversations. The study was conducted using a PatrolSim driving stimulator. The stimulator provided real life traffic situations and conditions. The participants in the study were 20 younger adults were between the ages of 18 to 25 years old. The study also included 20 older adults who were of the average age of 70 years old. The study also included a questionnaire about their health. Each participant conversed on the cell phone while the participants were driving. The sample size should be a little larger because it makes their results more valid and reliable. The results indicated that the distraction of the cell phone while driving equally negatively influenced older and younger adults. Surprisingly, the study showed that the reaction time was the same as the older adults when the younger adult s were on the phone as older adults, reaction time when not conversing on the phone. The research indicated when an individual gaze or stare at an object in the external environment they do not see them when they are engaging in a conversation on the phone because it diverts their attention to internal cognitive framework associated with the phone conversation. MacFarlane, J.G., Wilson, T.L. (2006). A relationship between nightmare context and somatic stimuli in a sleep-disordered population: A preliminary study. Dreaming 16(1), 53-59. This research examined the effects of cell phone usage on simulated driving. The study examined whether age had an effect on divided attention while driving and using hands free cell phone conversations. The study was conducted using a PatrolSim driving stimulator. The stimulator provided real life traffic situations and conditions. The participants in the study were 20 younger adults were between the ages of 18 to 25 years old. The study also included 20 older adults who were of the average age of 70 years old. The study also included a questionnaire about their health. Each participant conversed on the cell phone while the participants were driving. The sample size should be a little larger because it makes their results more valid and reliable. The results indicated that the distraction of the cell phone while driving equally negatively influenced older and younger adults. Surprisingly, the study showed that the reaction time was the same as the older adults when the younger adult s were on the phone as older adults, reaction time when not conversing on the phone. The research indicated when an individual gaze or stare at an object in the external environment they do not see them when they are engaging in a conversation on the phone because it diverts their attention to internal cognitive framework associated with the phone conversation. Murdock, K.K. (2013). Texting while stressed: Implications for students’ burnout, sleep, and well-being. Psychology of Popular Media Culture 2(4), 207-221. This research examined the effects of cell phone usage on simulated driving. The study examined whether age had an effect on divided attention while driving and using hands free cell phone conversations. The study was conducted using a PatrolSim driving stimulator. The stimulator provided real life traffic situations and conditions. The participants in the study were 20 younger adults were between the ages of 18 to 25 years old. The study also included 20 older adults who were of the average age of 70 years old. The study also included a questionnaire about their health. Each participant conversed on the cell phone while the participants were driving. The sample size should be a little larger because it makes their results more valid and reliable. The results indicated that the distraction of the cell phone while driving equally negatively influenced older and younger adults. Surprisingly, the study showed that the reaction time was the same as the older adults when the younger adult s were on the phone as older adults, reaction time when not conversing on the phone. The research indicated when an individual gaze or stare at an object in the external environment they do not see them when they are engaging in a conversation on the phone because it diverts their attention to internal cognitive framework associated with the phone conversation.

Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Issues - Homophobia and Self-hatred :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Essays - A Debt that Must be Paid    Adolescence, under the best of all circumstance, is a time of great stress and confusion for young people. Bodies, relationships to friends and family, and moods change rapidly as social, psychological, and physiological puberty is navigated.    In this society, to be an adolescent who is gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgendered (hereafter referred to as 'gay') means to be at significant risk for suicide, depression, dropping out of school, violence, homelessness, rejection from family, prostitution and substance abuse.    Estimates suggest that at least three million children and adolescents in the United States are homosexual.    For this group, the societal stressor of homophobia (both external and internal) adds a significant and often lethal component. Researchers estimate that up to one-third of all adolescents who commit suicide are lesbian or gay. In addition, gay teens are two to three times more likely to attempt suicide than their heterosexual counterparts.    Data collected in 1985 suggest that 85% of gay youth who attempt suicide also use illicit drugs. Nearly a quarter of that group had already undergone chemical dependency treatment. The mean age for suicide attempts is 15 years and most report multiple tries. Overdose and self-laceration account for 80% of these attempts.    National dropout statistics reveal that 28% of gay and lesbian high school students leave school because of physical and mental harassment resulting from their perceived sexual orientation. While in school, the data indicates that more than 37% of adult gays experienced threats, harassment, or violence in either junior high school or high school.    Feelings of social and emotional isolation are also are rampant. Four-fifths (80%) of gay adolescents report severe problems in this area. According to a 1986 survey, 40% of homeless youth identifies as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. In addition, half of all lesbian and gay youth studied, report that their parents reject them because of their sexual orientation. It is estimated that 26% are forced to leave their own homes.    Gay youth are more likely to experience violence perpetrated upon them by family, school peers, and total strangers. Nationally collected data is not available, since the Bureau of Justice statistics do not indicate crimes against youth who are gay. Non-national studies show that of youth who report assault crimes, 46% say that their sexual orientation was an issue. More sadly, 61% of the violence perpetrated on this group occurred within their own family.

John Donne Holy Sonnets Essay -- essays research papers

John Donne   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Death is a very complicated subject that people view very differently in different situations. In John Donne’s Holy Sonnets, he writes about death in Meditations X and XVII. Both meditations use many similar rhetorical devices and appeals, but the tones of the meditations are very disparate. Donne’s different messages in Meditations X and XVII convey tones of defiance and acquiescence towards death, respectively. His apparent change of attitude towards death could be accounted for by his differing life situations while he was writing the meditations: mid-life, and near-death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Meditation X†, which Donne wrote in mid-life, has a very defiant and powerful tone. Donne begins the meditation by defying normal views of death, and saying how â€Å"death, be not proud† (Donne). In deprecating death, Donne shows how he does not fear something which mortals usually fear. His reckless mockery of death is his appeal to pathos, specifically the human emotion of happiness and determination to live; â€Å"Meditation X† is a battle against an inevitable, insidious, and metaphysical force. In â€Å"Meditation XVII†, Donne begins instead by deprecating himself, conceding that he â€Å"may think [himself] so much better than [he is]† (Donne). This concession conveys a much more acquiescent and passive tone, appealing instead to the human emotions of melancholy and yearning to understand and accept death. Logos is also manipulated by Donne in...

Kung Fu and Its Effect on Asia

Living in the early 21st century, humanity is experiencing the rise of Asia lead by China. Recently, China seems to be the most developing nation in the world and has become a new economic power. However, the world has noticed about China for a long time before this rise because of the Kung-Fu exposure in Hollywood movies. It can be said the inclusion of martial arts in Hollywood movies has a great impact on Western society in many ways and thanks to this prominent practice, the image of Asia and Asian somehow has been changed so far in the Western perception.First of all, Chinese martial arts are also known as Kung fu or Wushu, there are a number of traditional fighting styles that have developed over the centuries in China. According to Li (2001), Chinese martial arts film first appeared in Hong Kong since 1970s and this kind of movies was so successful. Li (2001) also said that under the colonial condition, the national pride and the image of strong China were reflected by the mal e kung fu body as an empowering fighting and self-defensive skill.Besides, Li (2001) also explained the reason that kung fu films can exist is the formulation of arbitrary generic conventions and the design of plot to create kung fu fight scenes. Through these movies, Chinese people can fight back bullet when they are outgun (in Once upon a time in China film) or counter firearms easily (in The Way of the Dragon movie). However, Kung fu was not world-wide known until 1972 by Bruce Lee. Bruce Lee’s The way of the Dragon or Return of the Dragon was the first Chinese martial arts movie in Hollywood.In my opinion. Bruce Lee played an important role in the inclusion of martial arts in Hollywood movie as he created a whole new type of hero in cinemas. After I read Li (2001)’s â€Å"Kung Fu: Negotiating nationalism and modernity†, I understand that Bruce Lee’s characters were completely different from others. People can see Rambo (acted by Sylvester Stallone) an d Terminator (acted by Arnold Schwarzenegger)-two classical action images in Hollywood are muscular and empowered by modern weapons and hi tech.Bruce Lee’s appearance is far from that, Lee’s power comes from hand-to-hand combat skills of Kung Fu and he often fight against imperialism and colonization. Yip (2011) takes an example of Lee’s film, in Fist of Fury, the film stars Lee as an apprentice who fight for the honor of Chinese people and take revenge for his master. Moreover, he fights through a lot of battles including a number of Japnanese, a sensei, a Russian wrestler and a katana expert. In all of Lee’s ilms, the idea of subjecting the body to the limit combining with exercises and national strengthening are considered as a way to be strong. It is clear that these films are not for entertaining but they are the messages Lee wants to tell to the world like his quotation in Fist of Fury: â€Å"Chinese are not sick men†. As a result, martial ar ts movies have a great impact on Western society. Up until now, martial film genre becomes so popular in the West, especially The â€Å"Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon† won four Oscars in 2001 and earned 208 million US dollars globally (Xinhua 2005).Furthermore, I find out that Zhen (2000) and Beale (2000) share a same view about why Kung fu film is reasonably hot as ‘audiences love these films because it gives them something overblown action movies don't give them’ and ‘Among all the film genres invented and reinvented in this century in different parts of the world, the martial arts film, with its foregrounded body language and spectacular visual choreography, is one of the few genres whose popularity is the most far reaching’.Besides, Bruce Lee’s legacy is also inspiration for the next generation’s actors such as Jackie Chan, Jet Li, Chuck Norris, Steven Seagal and Jean-Claude Van Damme, each with unique martial arts type. Since Bruce Lee first introduced Kung Fu to Western people, it has been an era of martial arts movie with hundreds of blockbusters. I also agree with Beale (2000) that ‘As the success of â€Å"The Matrix† and â€Å"Charlie's Angels† shows, martial arts now have become a part of mainstream filmmaking’ and ‘audiences love these films because it gives them something overblown action movies don't give them’.In other word, Kung Fu movies now is one of the most attractive and important genre of arts. In addition, the effect of the inclusion of Chinese martial arts movies is not only on the filmmaking industry but also other aspects in the West. Due to the boom in number of Kung Fu or martial arts films, Western people are getting used to Kung Fu and then, a lot of Western people study this fighting style. As a result, people may absorb the Chinese philosophy through learning Kung Fu.For example, based on my experience in watching these movies, by studying Kung Fu, inner peace can be achieved by practicing martial arts and use it to protect themselves or the weaker. In my opinion, Chinese martial arts in general and Kung Fu films specifically have changed the image of Asia and Asian in the West. Because China is the biggest nation in Asia so people tend to look at China then, perceive the rest kind of the same. First of all, the way Bruce Lee used Chinese fighting style in his movies is also nationalism.Back to the time Bruce Lee first introduced Kung Fu-a part of Chinese history (or Wushu) to the world, at that time Hong Kong was British-colonized so these films were made to ‘negotiate the complex and conflicting experience of colonial modernity and post coloniality’ (Li, 2001). The films It can be said that Kung Fu films was a sense of self-orientalism as ‘invoked and manipulated to create a sense of difference in postcolonial power dynamics: an ideological maneuvering’ (Yan, 2009).Although China was undevelope d and colonized at that time, it shows that China is more than a colonized country and it has thousands of history years. Furthermore, in the 1970s, most of the Asia countries were still colonized or at war so thanks to these films, it makes Western people know that Asia countries had freedom and glory once and somehow the way Western countries such as The U. S, Britian and France dominated was wrong. The world should know that Asia before being colonized has been free and it has a long history not only some colonized countries so it is reasonable that these Western countries should return their freedom.Second of all, the problem is that in most Hollywood movies, Asian appear to be weak and easy to get hurt for example Watchmen (2009), some superhuman from the U. S took part in Vietnam War and they killed Vietnamese people brutally while the same situation in Rambo-First Blood (1982). However, martial arts films seem to be a good answer for that bias. In my opinion, it makes sense t hat dominated countries should fight back. Chinese people and Asians in general appear to be tough.We always fight back whenever we get hurt and we also prove Bruce Lee’s quotation ‘Chinese are not sick men’ but in this circumstance it can be understood as ‘Asians are not sick men’. The next thing is ‘all of today’s Asian martial arts—like Karate, Kung-Fu, Judo, or Aikido—were developed to embody and apply philosophical ideas’ (Priest and Young, 2010) so introducing martial arts into movies can be a good way to present Asia’s philosophy. According to Priest and Young (2010) Karate, Kung Fu, Aikido and Judo- the most famous martial arts in Asia seem to be all based on Confucianism, and Buddhism.Basically, the main point of Asian martial arts is to build up body or to prevent from illnesses. According to Li (2001), Huo Yuanjia, a legendary Chinese kung fu master, shared the same idea since he said ‘I hope that you’ll make the most of your skills and spread them to turn sick men into heroes’. In addition, inner peace is what people study martial arts seek for so they try to avoid the pressure of normal victory or loss, which is quite similar to Buddhism’s idea. Similarly, Cox (1999) said Kung Fu is about remaining the tai chi – a yin-yang balance in terms of stylized aggression and inward control.All Karate, Kung-Fu, Judo, or Aikido are called as defensive skills not fighting ones and all martial arts masters teach their apprentice always help the weaker as well. Additionally, practicing this art requires both physics strength and mind. It means that everyone should practice it frequently and be innovative as martial arts are not limited by skills, combos or styles. It can be said that all Kung Fu movies always try to express the philosophy of martial arts to everybody. As a result, by watching Asian action movies, Western people can feel the noble term of martial arts in general.Before watching these movies, people can stereotype Asians people such as Japanese Nazi, dominated ones, being unprotected or easy to get hurt. In my opinion, Chinese martial arts films may be a â€Å"leap of faith† because it can change the old perception of Western society. These things give the West a better view about our people then; people from the West can realize that Asian love peace but it doesn’t mean they are easy to get hurt. Moreover, Asian can be seen as brave, noble, generous and innovative people.Especially, heroism in martial arts movie is highly appreciated and heroes in those movies are often naive form of male nationalists such as a student, a waiter and even a farmer. Hence, it leads to a feeling from Western people that everyone in Asia know how to fight as well as everyone can be hero. Thanks to Kung Fu movies, the image of China also gets more attractive. In most of Chinese movies, a lot of beautiful sightseeing and hist orical structures such as The Great Wall and the Forbidden City are filmed so the West can feel that China is a very beautiful and charming country.As a result, it is likely that more and more tourists want to visit China and Asia and receive warm hospitality as well then; the Asia’s economy can have a lot benefits due to the development of tourism. However, Chinese martial arts movies also have an issue to Asians in general. Jackie Chan, Jet Li, Donnie Yen, Chow Yun Fat and Lee Byung Hun are all famous actors in the world but they are all action genre stars. Surprisingly, very few Asians who are not kung fu or action actors/actresses are famous widely in the world. In another word, it means hat it seems to be hard for Asians be successful in Hollywood without taking the acting career as Bruce Lee did. Moreover, kung fu-action movies are getting more and more popular so many Asians have the chance to be famous in Hollywood. However, in my opinion, if the situation continues, Western people will keep the perception that the people from Asians just know Kung fu and show people how to fight on the screen and Asians don’t have any other talents. It may have a negative impact on Asia in the future as everyone expects Asians to know Kung Fu and it is the only thing people see in Asians.In my opinion, China particularly and Asia in general have to do something to change that situation. Nowadays, with the lead of China and India, the world is experiencing the rise of Asia; many Asia countries now become the new economic power such as South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore (Gregory D, 2009). The Asia’s image now seems to be the new economic power in the Western society but I think it is still not enough. We can shape the image of dynamic and powerful Asia and Asians based on not only movies industry but also tourism, culture, history, economy and politics.In conclusion, the appearance of Chinese martial arts Hollywood movies started by Bruce Lee (Lee Ju n-fan) has some impacts on the Western society since the 1970s. It created a revolution of a new era: The Kung Fu Action movies and it lead the ways of acting styles for a generation of actors like Jackie Chan, Jet Li, Chuck Norris, Steven Seagal and Jean-Claude Van Damme. Moreover, Kung Fu and Asian philosophy are expanding quickly in Western society, for example Wushu and Jeet Kun Do a. k. The Way of the Intercepting Fist (found by Bruce Lee) become very popular in Western countries. Basically, the prominent of Chinese martial arts movies somehow changes the image of Asia and Asian in the West massively. Due to the colony of the West in the pass, Asia and Asians seemed to be weak and unprotected but these films reflect a part of long history of Asia and express the independence, nationalism and freedom of Asia nations as well. In addition, by understanding martial arts and Asian philosophy, the West can see that Asians are brave, noble, generous and innovative.Likewise, that type of movie tends to introduce the image of a beautiful China as well as Asia in general so that it attracts more and more people to visit Asia. Nevertheless, these action movies nowadays somehow make the people all over the world think all Asians must know Kung Fu and Asians don’t have any other talents. After doing this essay, I realize that a small practice such as soft-nationalism, the inclusion of martial arts in Hollywood movies, Asian pop culture, Asian food, acupuncture practice from each nation can have a lot benefits to a country and the whole continent in terms of economy, politic and image,etc.I think that Vietnam particularly and other countries in Asia should have a practice, or a product, or an ideology so that we can put our nationalism, philosophy and messages to the West to show them that the Asia is no longer colonized countries but it now are free, innovative and dynamic. ? Reference list 1. Beale, L. 2000, FIGHTING FOR THE SOUL Why martial arts movies kicked in, New York, N. Y. , United States, New York, N. Y. 2. Cox, C. 1999, Putting the art in martial arts; Chinese master emphasizes the intricacies, grace of wushu, Boston, Mass. United States, Boston, Mass 3. Chinese martial arts movies: a myth to be forgotten or rewritten 2005, , Woodside, United States, Woodside. 4. Gregory D, et al. ; Johnston R, Pratt G, Watts M, and Whatmore S (2009). The Dictionary of Human Geography, 5th ed.. Malden, MA: Blackwell. p. 52, 5. Li, SL 2001, ‘Kung Fu: Negotiating Nationalism and Modernity’, Cultural Studies, vol. 15, np. 3-5, pp. 515-542 6. Priest, G. & Young, D. 2010, Martial Arts and Philosophy : Beating and Nothingness, Open Court. . Yan, G & Santos, CA 2009, ‘â€Å"China Forever† Tourism discourse and self-orientalism’, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 292-315. 8. Yip, M. F. 2011, Martial arts cinema and Hong Kong modernity: Bodies, genders, and transnational imaginaries, The University of Chicag o 9. Zhen, Z. 2000, â€Å"Bodies in the Air: The Magic of Science and the Fate of the Early â€Å"Martial Arts† Film in China†, Post Script – Essays in Film and the Humanities, vol. 20, no. 2-3, pp. 43-60.